Echium vulgare 藍薊

Common name: Viper's-bugloss
Scientific name: Echium vulgare 藍薊
Genus: Echium 藍薊屬
Family: Boraginaceae 紫草科, borage or forget-me-not family

Remarks*: 

Origin: native

Date: 28th July

409 An erect, very hispid (with stout, rigid or bristly, erect hairs 有剛毛的) biennial, can reach up to 90cm.

412 An usual prostrate appearance of another individual.

407 Basal leaves already withered, they were up to 15cm, stalked, with prominent midrib and no apparent lateral veins.

411_1 Flower bud pink.

408 The inflorescence with only the terminal flowers still blooming, the others are withered or fruiting now.

406

406_1 Corolla lobes uniformly pubescent on outside. 5 stamens unequal, 4 longer than corolla. Very hispid of the inflorescence.

404_1 Flower 10-18mm, bright blue; corolla lobes unequal (could not be seen from this angle); 5 stamens, 2-lobed stigma.

Betonica officinalis 藥水蘇、歐水蘇、主教草

Common name: Betony
Scientific name: Betonica officinalis 藥水蘇、歐水蘇、主教草
Genus: Betonica 藥水蘇屬
Family: Lamiaceae or Labiatae 唇形科, mint or deadnettle or sage family

Remarks:

Origin: native

Date: 19th July

196 A sparsely pubescent, erect, rhizomatous perennial, can reach up to 60cm.

03 Basal leaves long-stalked, cordate, crenate (leaf margin with rounded teeth), forming persistent rosette.

04  Basal leaves long-stalked, 3-7cm.

05 Underside of the basal leaf.

205_1 Underside of the basal leaf slightly hairy.

202 Few stem leaves.

201 Stem leaves base acute, short-stalked.

201_1 Hairy, square stem. Leaf stalk also hairy.

07 Inflorescence with leaf-like bracts.

200 Side-view of the inflorescence.

200_1 Enlarged photo above showing leaf-like bract (B), several bracteoles (Be) surrounding the calyx tube (CxT). Bracteoles (Be) as least as long as calyx (calyx tube (CxT) with teeth). Purple corolla tube (CaT) more than 10mm long, longer than calyx (CxT with teeth), with upper lip (UP) and lower lip (UP).

199 Upper view of the inflorescence.

198 Closer look of the flowers.

197

208_1 Flower bud, showing calyx 5-toothed.

198_2 Lower lip 3-lobed.

199_1 Upper view showing the upper lip, corolla tube and the teethed calyx tube.

198_1 4 stamens with yellow anthers.

208_3 A withering flower, showing the 2-lobed stigma.

208_2 A fully open flower showing the shape of upper and lower lips. 2 stamens (the other 2 stamens are well hidden) and the 2-lobed stigma could be seen here. 

Teucrium scorodonia 林地鼠尾草、林石蚕

Common name: Wood Sage
Scientific name: Teucrium scorodonia 林地鼠尾草、林石蚕
Genus: Teucrium 香科科屬
Family: Lamiaceae or Labiatae 唇形科, mint or deadnettle or sage family

Remarks:

Origin: native

Date: 19th July

269 An erect, pubescent, branched, rhizomatous perennial, can reach up to 30cm.

234 Growing towards the direction of the sun.

213

213_1 Hairy, square stem and leaf stalk. Leaves opposite.

212 Leaf of a plant in shady environment. Leaf 30-70mm, stalked, wrinkled.

228 Leaf of another plant in exposed environment.

214 Underside of the leaf.

214_1 Hairy along the veins.

214_2 Hairs on the upper surface of the leaf. (see the bottom of the photo above)

268 Flowers in terminal racemes.

270 Flowers pale yellowish green.

224 Lateral view showing the sepals and bracteoles (the small green leaf-like structures at the base of each individual flower).

226

273_1 Different stages of flower buds. The corolla tube will extend from the calyx tube with 5 teeth. (only 4 teeth could be seen from the flower bud at the top left of the photo above, the remaining tooth is at the back of these calyx tube)

224_1 Lateral view showing flowers are arranged in pairs. Bracteoles are shorter than flowers. Calyx with 5 teeth, 1 large above and 4 smaller at bottom. Petals are open with a big lower lip, side of lip are folded up. 2-lobed stigma could be clearly seen from the lower flower. 

221_1 Calyx of 5 teeth. The shape of the petal and lower lip could be seen clearly in the above photo. There are 4 stamens, 2 longer are located upper and 2 shorter are lower.

225_1 4 stamens and a 2-lobed stigma.

226_1 4 stamens with orange anthers. The shape of the lower lip could be clearly seen above, with sides folded up.

229_1 Front view of the flower.

271_1 Front view of the flowers. There are 4 lobes of the petals above the lower lip. 2 longer and 2 shorter stamens with orange anthers could be clearly seen.

227 A pair of bracts (leaf-like structure) at the base of the inflorescence.

210 Fruiting now.

210_1 Only calyx tube with 5 teeth are left. It could be clearly seen that 1 large teeth above and 4 smaller teeth below the calyx tube.

215_1 4 spherical seeds are forming inside the calyx tube.

211_1 The inflorescence is upside down in the above photo, so the bigger single teeth is below and 4 smaller teeth are above the calyx tube now.